Yintoni uMgaqo we-Optical weMicroscope?

Imakroskopu edla ngokubizwa ngokuba sesona sixhobo siphambili sokufunyaniswa kwemikroskopu iye yatshintsha indlela esiqonda ngayo ihlabathi elincinane. Ukusuka ekutyhileni iimfihlelo zeeseli ukuya ekufumaneni uhlobo olutsha, iimicroscopes zisebenza njengesango lokungena kwindawo engekacaciswa. Embindini womsebenzi wayo kukho umgaqo we-optics - ingcamango esisiseko eyenza i-microscope ikhulise izinto kumanqanaba angabonakaliyo ngeso lenyama. Kule bhlog, siza kungena kwihlabathi elinomdla le-microscopy kwaye sijonge i-optics eyenza ukuba kwenzeke konke.

Ngaphambi kokuntywila kwi-optics ye-microscope, makhe sigubungele ngokufutshane iziseko ze-optics. Indlela yokuziphatha kokukhanya inendima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwaso nasiphi na isixhobo sokukhanya, kuquka imikroskopu. Ukukhanya kuyilwa ngamasuntswana amancinane abizwa ngokuba ziiphoton, asebenza njengamaza namasuntswana. Ezi photons zihamba ngendlela echanekileyo de zidibanise neendaba ezahlukeneyo ezifana neelensi okanye iinjongo.

Umgaqo obonakalayo we-microscope:

Ingundoqo yomgaqo we-optical we-microscope isekelwe kwindibaniselwano yeelensi ezisebenzisanayo ukukhulisa umfanekiso wento ebonwayo. Imicroscope eqhelekileyo yekhompawundi iqulathe amacandelo aphambili aliqela: izibonda zamehlo, iinjongo, i-condenser, kunye nomthombo wokukhanya.

Amalungu aphambili e-microscope:

1. Ilensi yenjongo:

Ilensi yenjongo inoxanduva lokuqokelela ukukhanya kwinto ejongwayo kwaye yenze umfanekiso ogqwethiweyo owandisiweyo. Ezi lens zinobukhulu obahlukeneyo kwaye ziyatshintsheka. Zibekwe ngokuthe ngqo ngaphantsi kwenqanaba lesampulu, zonyusa kakhulu amandla okukhulisa imakroskopu, zivumela umntu obukeleyo ukuba abone ezona nkcukacha zincinci.

2. Isixhobo samehlo:

I-eyepiece ikwisiphelo esiphezulu se-microscope. Injongo yayo ephambili kukwandisa ngakumbi umfanekiso owenziwe yi-lens yenjongo. Ukujonga umfanekiso owenziwe mkhulu ngeso, amehlo ethu abona umboniso ocacileyo nowomeleziweyo.

3. Icondenser:

I-condenser yinkqubo ye-lens ephantsi kwesigaba sesampuli. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukukhokela nokujolisa ukukhanya kwinto ejongwayo. Ngokugxininisa ukukhanya kwindawo encinci, i-condenser yandisa umahluko kunye nokukhanya kwesampulu, okukhokelela kwimifanekiso ebukhali, ebukhali.

4. Umthombo wokukhanya:

Imakroskopu zixhomekeke kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo yokukhanyisa, enje ngeebhalbhu zokukhanya okanye izibane ze-LED, ukubonelela ngokukhanya okufunekayo ukujonga iisampulu. Ngokubeka umthombo wokukhanya ngaphantsi kweqonga, i-microscope iqinisekisa ukuba ukukhanya kudlula kwinto, kuphucula ukubonakala kwayo phantsi kokukhulisa.

Imigaqo ye-optical ye-microscope ingamandla aqhuba amandla ayo amangalisayo okubona ihlabathi elingabonakaliyo. Ngokuhlanganiswa kweenjongo, izixhobo zamehlo, izinto ezicondenser nokukhanya okufanelekileyo, imikroskopu inokutyhila iimfihlelo zezinto ezibonwa ngemicroscope ngokucacileyo ngendlela emangalisayo. Njengoko ukuqonda kwethu le migaqo ye-optical kuqhubeka ukuphucuka, amandla kunye nokuchaneka kweemicroscopes zanamhlanje kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, okusivumela ukuba sivule imida emitsha yolwazi lwezenzululwazi.